Penicillin anali mankhwala oyamba padziko lonse amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito m’chipatala.Pambuyo pa zaka za chitukuko, maantibayotiki ochulukirapo ayamba, koma vuto la kukana mankhwala chifukwa cha kufala kwa maantibayotiki lakhala lodziwika pang'onopang'ono.
Ma peptide a antimicrobial amawonedwa kuti ali ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo kwa antibacterial, ma antibacterial spectrum ambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kusankha kosiyanasiyana, komanso kutsika kosagwirizana ndi mitundu yomwe mukufuna.Pakalipano, ma peptides ambiri oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ali mu gawo la kafukufuku wachipatala, pakati pawo magainins(Xenopus laevis antimicrobial peptide) alowa mu Ⅲ mayesero azachipatala.
Njira zodziwika bwino zogwirira ntchito
Antimicrobial peptides (amps) ndi ma polypeptides oyambira okhala ndi molekyulu yolemera 20000 ndipo amakhala ndi antibacterial zochita.Pakati pa ~ 7000 ndipo amapangidwa ndi 20 mpaka 60 amino acid zotsalira.Ambiri mwa ma peptide omwe amagwira ntchito amakhala ndi mawonekedwe olimba, kukhazikika kwa kutentha, komanso antibacterial antibacterial.
Kutengera kapangidwe kawo, ma antimicrobial peptides amatha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi: helical, sheet, extended, and ring.Ma peptides ena oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amakhala ndi helix imodzi kapena pepala, pamene ena ali ndi dongosolo lovuta kwambiri.
Njira yodziwika kwambiri ya antimicrobial peptides ndikuti imakhala ndi zochita zachindunji motsutsana ndi nembanemba zama cell a bakiteriya.Mwachidule, ma peptides antimicrobial amasokoneza kuthekera kwa nembanemba ya bakiteriya, kusinthasintha kwa membrane, kutulutsa metabolites, ndipo pamapeto pake kumayambitsa kufa kwa bakiteriya.Mapeptidi ophatikizika a antimicrobial amathandizira kukulitsa luso lawo lolumikizana ndi nembanemba zama cell a bakiteriya.Ma peptides ambiri a antimicrobial ali ndi mtengo wabwino kwambiri motero amatchedwa cationic antimicrobial peptides.Kuyanjana kwa electrostatic pakati pa cationic antimicrobial peptides ndi anionic bacterial membranes kumakhazikika kumangirira kwa ma peptides antimicrobial ku nembanemba ya bakiteriya.
Kuthekera kwachirengedwe
Kuthekera kwa ma peptides antimicrobial kuchitapo kanthu kudzera m'njira zingapo komanso njira zosiyanasiyana sikumangowonjezera ntchito za antimicrobial komanso kumachepetsa kukana.Kuchita kudzera munjira zingapo, kuthekera kwa mabakiteriya kupeza masinthidwe angapo nthawi imodzi kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri, kupatsa antimicrobial peptides kuthekera kokana.Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa ma peptides ambiri a antimicrobial amagwira ntchito pamasamba a cell membrane, mabakiteriya amayenera kukonzanso dongosolo la cell membrane kuti asinthe, ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti masinthidwe angapo achitike.Ndizofala kwambiri pamankhwala a khansa kuti achepetse kukana chotupa ndi kukana mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana.
Chiyembekezo chachipatala ndichabwino
Pangani mankhwala atsopano oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti mupewe vuto lotsatira la antimicrobial.Ma peptides ambiri a antimicrobial akuyesedwa m'chipatala ndikuwonetsa kuthekera kwachipatala.Pali ntchito yambiri yoti ichitidwe pa antimicrobial peptides ngati ma antimicrobial agents.Ma peptide ambiri a antimicrobial m'mayesero azachipatala sangathe kubweretsedwa kumsika chifukwa chosapanga bwino mayeso kapena kusowa kovomerezeka.Choncho, kafukufuku wochuluka wokhudzana ndi kugwirizana kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a peptide ndi malo ovuta a anthu adzakhala othandiza kuti awone momwe mankhwalawo alili.
Zowonadi, mankhwala ambiri m'mayesero azachipatala adasinthidwanso kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu zawo zamankhwala.M'kati mwake, kugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu malaibulale apamwamba a digito ndi kupanga mapulogalamu azitsanzo kupititsa patsogolo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mankhwalawa.
Ngakhale kuti mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha ma peptides oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ntchito yopindulitsa, tiyenera kuyesetsa kuchepetsa kukana kwa mankhwala atsopano oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Kupitirizabe kukula kwa maantimicrobial agents osiyanasiyana ndi njira zowononga tizilombo kungathandize kuchepetsa mphamvu ya maantibayotiki kukana.Kuphatikiza apo, pamene wothandizila watsopano wa antibacterial aikidwa pamsika, kuwunikira mwatsatanetsatane ndi kasamalidwe ndikofunikira kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito kosafunikira kwa antibacterial agents momwe kungathekere.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-04-2023