Lysozyme ndi glycoside hydrolase, yomwe imapangidwa ndi ma amino acid, ndipo ili ndi zomangira zinayi zolimbitsa thupi zam'malo ndipo zimadziwikanso ngati khoma la cysser. Gawo lofanana la lysozyme limakwera kwambiri, ndipo lysozyme ochokera m'matumbo osiyanasiyana amachita zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Enzyme iyi imagawidwa kwambiri mu minyewa yosiyanasiyana komanso ziphuphu za anthu komanso nyama, komanso mbewu ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Itha kusungunula bwino khoma la cell ya mabakiteriya oyenera ndipo limakhala ndi zotsatira zosalalatira. Lysozyme ali ndi chidwi chachikulu chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya (makamaka pakupanga tchizi ndi kupanga), mankhwala (monga mapiritsi, madontho amaso) ndi kafukufuku wa pakhosi.
Lysozyme ndi mapuloteni okhazikika omwe amatha kukhalabe okhazikika mu mfundo zosiyanasiyana pH ndipo amalekerera mwamphamvu kuti atenthedwa pansi pa acidic. Kudzera muukadaulo waupangiri wa upangiri, kusintha mtengo wa pH ndikugwiritsa ntchito ion Kusinthana kwa ion ku Acsorption ndi Oyeretsa, ndipo ntchito ya enzyme ndi yoposa 18 000 u / g, yomwe imakwaniritsa miyezo ya zamankhwala. Lysozyme amatha kumera mabakiteriya a bacteria (g, mabakiteriya), kuwonetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya antibacterial. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kuthyola glycophtens (monga mapuloteni a mucoid) ndi ma polyscharidel khoma la cell, ndipo kuthekera kwake kuphwanya Chitin Chitin, hydrochloride ndi nitrate makristali.
Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, lysozyme amatha kugawidwa m'mazira oyera oyera a lysozyme, chomera cha lysozyme, microbilial lysozyme. Malinga ndi zomwe adachita pa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: Bacteria khoma ku lysozyme ndi fungal lall lysozyme. Bacteria khoma la lysozyme imagawika m'makalasi awiri: omwe amatenga ma β-1,4 glycosidic ndi omwe amayang'ana mchira "ndi amayi. Mnzake wa cell lysozyme akuphatikiza lysozyme wachigawo wa yisiti ndi makhoma a maselo a cell.
Dziwani mbiri
Mu 1922, ankhondo aku Britenist Flein Fleming adapeza chinthu chotchedwa lysozyme mu chinsinsi cha thupi la munthu, chomwe chingakane kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Komabe, popezeka ndi maantibayotiki, a Lysozyme pang'onopang'ono adadwala ndipo adatsala pang'ono kuiwalika. Sinalibe pakati pa 1980s omwe Japan, Canada, ndi United States adayambanso kuzindikira kufunika kwa lysozyme ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Limagwiriro la machitidwe a lysozyme ndi osiyana ndi a maantibayotiki chifukwa chopha mabakiteriya mwakusungunuka mwachindunji makoma awo chifukwa chake sizimayambitsa kutsutsana. Kuphatikiza apo, lysozyme imapezeka kwambiri mu thupi la munthu lokha, lomwe zomwe zili m'misozi ndizokwera kwambiri, zomwe ndizoyenera kuti thupi lamunthu lizikhala bwino.
Chiyambi
Lysozyme imapezeka ndi maluso a bioengineerider, omwe amaphatikizanso kukhazikitsa mtengo wa pro protein komanso kudzipatula pogwiritsa ntchito ion-kusinthana matekeni. Ndi Kulemera kwa maselo a 14307, ndi glycoside hydrolase omwe amatha kuteteza bwino la cell ya mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi Bibu. Kuphatikiza apo, lysozyme angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera makristalline kuti ateteze nyama, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tchizi (monga mapiritsi am'maso), zonunkhira za chifuwa), ndi kafukufuku wasayansi.
Cholinga
Lysozyme amatha kuyika bwino mabakiteriya oyenera galamu komanso mabakiteriya olakwika, ndipo ali ndi mphamvu ya antibacteal. Izi zilibe vuto pa yisiti, lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ku chikhalidwe cha yisiti ndi kukula kwa mowa kupanga, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa nambewu kwa bakiteriya.
Post Nthawi: 2025-07-16